Electric signaling circuit



(No Model.)

T. D. LOCKWOOD.

ELEGTRIG SIGNALING CIRQUE?.

No. 314,386. Patented Mar. Z4, 1885.

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THOMAS D. LOOKVVOOD, OF MALDEN, MASSACHUSETTS.

ELECTRIC sieNALiNe Giacca-r'.

SPECIFICATION' forming part of Letters Patent No. S14-,386, dated March 24, 1885.

Application filed September 8, 123` 4.

T0 @ZZ "whom may concern:

Be it known that I, Tnoims D. LooKwooD, of Malden, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain Improvements in Electric Signaling Circuits and Appliances, of which the following is a specication.

The object of my invention is to provide means whereby ordinary single-stroke electromagnetic bells may be caused to produce a continuous ring, and whereby a magneto-generator furnishing electrical pulsations of alternate direction may be employed to develop the actuating electricity without necessitating the employment of polarized bells. I accomplish these ends by a specific organization of polarized relays, resistances, and circuits, which are more particularly hereinafter described, and which are clearly shown in the accompanying` drawing, which forms a part of this specification.

The drawing shows in diagram the general features of my invention.

Gis a symbolic representation of a magnetoelectric generator adapted to develop electric currents of successively alternating` direction. It is supposed to be in a state of continuous operation, and its armature is revolved by any convenient source of power through the inedium of belts and pulleys, in a manner well understood. One of the armature-coil terminals is attached to the initial ground-wire 4.. To the other terminal is attached the leadingout or supply wire 2. At any suitable point on this wire a derived circuit, 6, may be branched therefrom, and this -branch leads through the helices of the two polarized relay-magnets M and M', and by wire 3 and the resistance-coil or rheostat R to earth. The resistance of this coil must be much higher than that of any bell to be served, to the end that when the service-line 2 is closed onto any bell sufficient current will pass over said bellline to signal efficiently. Other derived circuits may in like manner be branched from the main wire 2, and I have shown a second line, I, which leads through another polarized relay, M2, and by wire 8 and resistance to ground, as before. Each polarized relay is provided with an armature, b, acted upon by both pole-pieces, and the said relay is adapted to vibrate between a pair of limit-screws, d

(No model.)

limit-screw on both sides, as in M', and conv necta bell-circuit to each, or I may utilize but one screw for such purpose, leaving the other unattached. The other, in the latter case, might, if desired, be provided with a nonconducting tip. This, however, is. immaterial; but it is essential that the two limitscrews should be insulated from one another. In each polarized relay a shunt-wire, s, is led from the outer coil-terminal, or that terminal which is most distant from the generator to the substance of the armature. In the relay M the contactscrew e only is connected with a signaling-circuit leading to a button-anvil, 7. The press-button Bis united with line L', leading to the single stroke electric bells c, a2, and c3 to the distant ter-` minal ground L3, or to the opposite pole of the generator by a return-wire, 12, if desired. These bells have soft-iron cores, .and are not polarized inductively or otherwise. They respond, therefore, to an interrupted current of constant direction. In the case ot the relay MZ both limit-screws are utilized as signalcircuit connections, the upper one, d, leading by wire 7 to the anvil K2, the key itself connecting with the bell-line L2.

Any number ot' cireuit-closers, which may be press buttons or keys, as preferred, may be used with the several bell-lines, so that the bells may be operated from several different points, it' desired. It is only necessary to run a branch wire as from wire 7 to a second keyanvil, and a wire, l2, from any desired point on the wire L2 to a second key. The keys or buttons and anvils may, of course, be transposed, the wire 7, for example, being connected with a button or key and the line L with the anvil. The contact-point e of relay M indicates still another wire, 10, leading to akey which is adapted to actuate another bell-line. In the system worked by the relay M2, which in other respects is identical with those which I have described, a wire, 13, is represented as leading from the main branch 7 to a key-anvil, which is operated by a key connected by wire with a point on the line beyond one or more of the bells. The design of this device is to ICO enable the operator at that point to ring a limited number of the bells only, the bell ct being in this case excluded. It is understood that in the operation of this system the generator G is in a state of continuous rotation, and that consequently a constant succession 5 of currents of swiftly alternating direction are constantly being transmitted through the two closed circuits 2 and 3 and- 2 and 8. The armatures of the several polarized relays respond, of course, to these changes in direction, ro swinging one way in response to a plus current, an'd the other way in response to a minus current. Moreover, as the alternations in direction in the generator-circuit are very rapid, the armatures are in a correspond- I 5 ing rapid state of vibration. The effect of the wire s is simply to shunt a considerable portion of the electricity developed by the generator om the armature b and the contact-screws to the external circuit when the zosaidexternal circuit is at any point closed. As long as the external circuits are normally open the whole of the current passes oa the resistances to ground. But when any of the circuit-closers or keys are operated to ring a bell or a series of bells a large portion of the electricity is transferred by means of the armature to the bell-line, and inasmuch as the contact between the armature and any particular contact-screw is due to electricity of a direction adapted to swing the armature toward such screw, it is obvious that currents of the same direction only will be transferred from that screw to the line beyond; hence the bells connected upon the circuit leading from any contact-screw will receive a series of intermittent electrical currents, and will consequently ring continuously while the circuit is closed.

I am aware that it is not broadly new to ring bells by magneto-currents, and I do not broadly claim apparatus adapted for that purpose. The ordinary magneto-machine used almost universally as a telephonesignal is a well-known example. It is, however, requisite to use polarized bells in combination with such a device in order to obtain a useful effect if the bells are connected in direct circuit, and if neutral electro-magnetic bells, such as I contem plate using, are so connected, the only re- 5o sult when the circuit is closed will be a slight chattering of the armatures, since the reversals of current succeed one another so quickly as to have no practical effect on the armature.

The gist of my invention lies in the combination of an alternating current-generator with single-stroke non-polarized bells in such a way that the intermi'tting currents of even direction delivered from one half of each revolution of the generator-armature may be suc- 6o cessively directed through one or more bellcircuits, a continuous ring upon the bells included in said circuits, while the intermitting currents of opposite direction developed by the remaining half of each revolution may be similarly utilized to ring bells connected with a second series of circuits.

I claim as of my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patentl. In an electrical signaling system, amagneto-generator'adapted toproduce successively reversed currents, a normally-closed main circuit therefor, a normally-open derived circuit containing a circuit-closerand electric bells, and a polarized relay having its electro-magnet included in the main circuit and its arma,- ture attached to said main circuit, andprovided with a contact limit-stop for said armature, the said stop being connected through the circuit-closer with the derived circuit, whereby the said derived circuit may be connected with the main at each stroke of the relay-armature in a given direction, for the purposes set forth. i

2. In combination with a magneto-generav tor, one or more normally-open bell-circuits, keys or circuit-closers for connecting any of the said bell-circuits with the generator, and analyzing devices, as indicated, adapted to select the intermittent electrical pulsations of either direction and to direct them upon the said bell-circuits when the keys of the said bell-circuits are closed, substantially as described.

3. In asystem of electric signaling, the conibination of an alternating current-generator, one or more normally-closed main circuits therefor, one or more polarized relays in each main circuit, a normally-open signaling-circuit, including a series of electric bells, akey or circuit-closer for each signalingcircuit, adapted when operated to connect the said circuit with one of the armature-contacts of one of the said polarized relays, whereby successive pulsations of like direction may be transmitted over the signaling-circuit to ring the bells connected thereon, in the manner described.

4. Ihe combination, substantially as hereinbefore described, of an alternating currentgenerator, one or more normally-closed circuits therefor, one or more polarized relays included in each of the said branch circuits, each of the said relays having its armature connected with the main circuit at a point eX- ternal to the relay-magnet, a series of normallyopen signaling-circuits, including neutral electric bells, eachcircuit being adapted to be connected by means of a suitable circuit-closer with one of the armature-contacts of one of the relays,so as to constitute a derived circuit from the generator, whereby the successive pulsations of the same direction may be directed over the said derived circuit, substantially as v and for the purposes described. Y

5. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore described, of an alternating currentgenerator, one or more main normally-closed circuits therefor, one or more polarized relays included in each of the said' branch circuits, each of said relays having its armature connected with the main circuit at a point external to the relay-magnet, a series of normally- ICO IIC

open signaling-circuits including neutral electric bells, each circuit being` adapted to be connected by means of a suitable closer with one of the armature-contacts of one of the relays, so as to constitute a derived circuit from the generator, whereby the successive pulsations of the same direction may be directed over the said derived circuit, substantially asfand for the purposes described.

6. A magneto-generator adapted to produce electric currents of successively alternating direction, one or more closed main circuits therefor, each including,` one or more polarized relays and a high resistance, the armatures of the said polarized relays being` united With the main circuit at a point external to the relaymagnet, one or more normally-open bell-circuits for each polarized relay, each bell-circuit includinga series of eleetric'bells and having,` a total resistance not greater than the resistance of the main circuit, together With a key or circuit-closer for each bellcircuit, whereby the said bell-line may be united with a contact point of one of the relays, in the manner and for the purposes specified.

7. The combination, With a normallyfopen bellcircuit, of a polarized relay acting as an analyzer of the snccessivelyreversed currents of an ordinary magneto-machine, and one or more circuitclosers adapted to connect the said bell-circuit with the local contact-point of the said relay at any desired point of the said circuit, whereby one or more of the bells may be rung to the exclusion of the others, as described.

In testimony Whereoflhave signed my name to this speciiicatiomin the presence of two subscribing Witnesses, this 3d day of September, 1884.

THOS. D. LOCKWOOD.

/Vitnesses:

GEO. WILLIs PIERCE, D. E. RICHARDS. 

